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<p>Oily wastewater substantially threatens environmental integrity, particularly by disrupting aquatic ecosystems and exacerbating water scarcity issues. Gravity-driven separation methods for water/oil mixtures employ membrane technologies offer a promising, energy-efficient approach to purifying oily wastewater. This study presents the development of electrospun polyamide (PA) membranes, which undergo surface modification through eco-friendly and cost-effective low-temperature plasma treatment, enhancing their efficacy in gravity-driven water/oil separation. The PA membranes were fabricated via electrospinning using nonhazardous n-propanol as the solvent. Subsequent low-temperature plasma treatment significantly improved water flux by increasing the membrane’s wettability. Plasma-treated PA membranes demonstrated a remarkable water flux of 30,240&#xa0;L/m²h under gravity, unlike untreated membranes, which exhibited no flux. The efficacy of the plasma-treated membranes was further evaluated in gravity-driven separation tests using various oil components, achieving a 99.9% separation efficiency for water/engine oil and water/vegetable oil mixtures. These findings suggest that plasma-treated PA membranes hold substantial potential for integration into gravity-driven water/oil separation systems, offering a low-energy solution for addressing oily wastewater contamination.</p>

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Plasma-treated polyamide membranes for efficient gravity-driven separation of water/oil mixtures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月20日

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  • Sneha Bhagyaraj,
  • Priya Ghosh,
  • Asma Abdulkareem,
  • Nithusha Kallingal,
  • Jiri Chvojka,
  • Peter Kasak,
  • Igor Krupa,
  • Anton Popelka

摘要

Oily wastewater substantially threatens environmental integrity, particularly by disrupting aquatic ecosystems and exacerbating water scarcity issues. Gravity-driven separation methods for water/oil mixtures employ membrane technologies offer a promising, energy-efficient approach to purifying oily wastewater. This study presents the development of electrospun polyamide (PA) membranes, which undergo surface modification through eco-friendly and cost-effective low-temperature plasma treatment, enhancing their efficacy in gravity-driven water/oil separation. The PA membranes were fabricated via electrospinning using nonhazardous n-propanol as the solvent. Subsequent low-temperature plasma treatment significantly improved water flux by increasing the membrane’s wettability. Plasma-treated PA membranes demonstrated a remarkable water flux of 30,240 L/m²h under gravity, unlike untreated membranes, which exhibited no flux. The efficacy of the plasma-treated membranes was further evaluated in gravity-driven separation tests using various oil components, achieving a 99.9% separation efficiency for water/engine oil and water/vegetable oil mixtures. These findings suggest that plasma-treated PA membranes hold substantial potential for integration into gravity-driven water/oil separation systems, offering a low-energy solution for addressing oily wastewater contamination.