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<p>As the major focus in the electrochemical energy storage systems market, particularly lithium-ion batteries, lies in developing cathode materials with superior electrochemical properties, including higher energy and power densities. Among various candidates, fluorophosphates have emerged as promising materials due to their high working voltages and enhanced safety characteristics. In this study, we compare the properties of two cathode materials, LiVPO<sub>4</sub>F/C and LiV<sub>0.99</sub>Zn<sub>0.015</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>F/C, prepared using a solid-state method. A systematic investigation of the phase formation mechanism was conducted, focusing on the optimization of heat-treatment parameters and fluorine source ratio to achieve phase purity while suppressing the formation of the thermodynamically stable Li<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> phase. The electrochemical behavior of pure fluorophosphate-based electrodes was evaluated in Lithium half-cells within a potential window of 2.0–4.5&#xa0;V vs. Li<sup>+</sup>/Li. Electrochemical tests show that Zn-doped LiVPO<sub>4</sub>F/C (LiV<sub>0.99</sub>Zn<sub>0.015</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>F/C) exhibits good electrochemical performance, delivering a discharge capacity of 121 mAh/g at 1&#xa0;C after 99 cycles, with excellent coulombic efficiency and capacity retention. However, its performance remains inferior compared to that of the undoped LiVPO<sub>4</sub>F/C.</p>

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Engineering synthesis strategies for high-voltage LiMPO4F (M = V,= Zn) cathodes of lithium-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月12日

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  • Fatima Ezzahra Oujaa,
  • Ismail Assengar,
  • Ismael Saadoune,
  • Kamal Samrane

摘要

As the major focus in the electrochemical energy storage systems market, particularly lithium-ion batteries, lies in developing cathode materials with superior electrochemical properties, including higher energy and power densities. Among various candidates, fluorophosphates have emerged as promising materials due to their high working voltages and enhanced safety characteristics. In this study, we compare the properties of two cathode materials, LiVPO4F/C and LiV0.99Zn0.015PO4F/C, prepared using a solid-state method. A systematic investigation of the phase formation mechanism was conducted, focusing on the optimization of heat-treatment parameters and fluorine source ratio to achieve phase purity while suppressing the formation of the thermodynamically stable Li3V2(PO4)3 phase. The electrochemical behavior of pure fluorophosphate-based electrodes was evaluated in Lithium half-cells within a potential window of 2.0–4.5 V vs. Li+/Li. Electrochemical tests show that Zn-doped LiVPO4F/C (LiV0.99Zn0.015PO4F/C) exhibits good electrochemical performance, delivering a discharge capacity of 121 mAh/g at 1 C after 99 cycles, with excellent coulombic efficiency and capacity retention. However, its performance remains inferior compared to that of the undoped LiVPO4F/C.