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<p>In the present study, a modified molten salt synthesis was developed to successfully produce CuO nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) with tunable sizes, shapes and surface properties. The novel approach involved the introduction of an oxalate-based starting material (H<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O or (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>O) in addition to CuCl<sub>2</sub> precursor and various salt mixtures (NaCl/KCl or NaNO<sub>3</sub>/KNO<sub>3</sub>). The antibacterial activity of the synthesized CuO-NPs was evaluated against eight pathogenic bacterial strains including <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> ATCC 43256, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> A437, Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC 25922, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> ATCC 27853, <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> LSP 14/92 clone DT104, and <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> ATCC 17749<sup>T</sup>. Among the synthesized samples, the one produced using ammonium oxalate and nitrate salts [S<sub>N</sub>(NaNO<sub>3</sub>/KNO<sub>3</sub>)] exhibited the best activity against all tested bacteria with no observed regrowth phenomenon. This superior performance was attributed to its unique physicochemical properties including a smaller size of (21.2 ± 0.4) nm, better dispersion compared to other samples and its hydrophilicity. Together, these features facilitated more effective interaction with the bacterial membrane, thereby enhancing antibacterial performance. These results highlight the critical influence of synthesis conditions on the performance of CuO-NPs. The proposed approach introduces a novel one-step synthesis strategy of CuO-NPs at a low temperature (230&#xa0;°C), with tailored properties and significant potential for applications as antibacterial agents.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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CuO nanoparticles synthesized via modified molten salt method: structure, morphology, wettability, and antibacterial properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Fatma Mbarek,
  • Ichraf Chérif,
  • Sonia Mokni,
  • José Maria Alonso,
  • Miguel Ángel Cobos,
  • Patricia de la Presa,
  • Salah Ammar

摘要

In the present study, a modified molten salt synthesis was developed to successfully produce CuO nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) with tunable sizes, shapes and surface properties. The novel approach involved the introduction of an oxalate-based starting material (H2C2O4.2H2O or (NH4)2C2O4.H2O) in addition to CuCl2 precursor and various salt mixtures (NaCl/KCl or NaNO3/KNO3). The antibacterial activity of the synthesized CuO-NPs was evaluated against eight pathogenic bacterial strains including Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 43256, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecium A437, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium LSP 14/92 clone DT104, and Vibrio alginolyticus ATCC 17749T. Among the synthesized samples, the one produced using ammonium oxalate and nitrate salts [SN(NaNO3/KNO3)] exhibited the best activity against all tested bacteria with no observed regrowth phenomenon. This superior performance was attributed to its unique physicochemical properties including a smaller size of (21.2 ± 0.4) nm, better dispersion compared to other samples and its hydrophilicity. Together, these features facilitated more effective interaction with the bacterial membrane, thereby enhancing antibacterial performance. These results highlight the critical influence of synthesis conditions on the performance of CuO-NPs. The proposed approach introduces a novel one-step synthesis strategy of CuO-NPs at a low temperature (230 °C), with tailored properties and significant potential for applications as antibacterial agents.

Graphical abstract