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<p>As sustainability gains paramount importance in construction materials, geopolymer material emerges as a promising alternative to cementitious materials due to its reduced carbon footprint and enhanced sustainability. Optimizing mix designs with air-entraining agents is crucial for balancing mechanical strength and stabilizing microstructural characteristics. Although the reduced carbon footprint of these materials compared to traditional Portland cement is well acknowledged, comprehensive assessments of their sustainability, especially in terms of global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP), are still limited and warrant further research. To promote sustainability, this study examines the cleaner production of a non-autoclaved aerated geopolymer composite incorporating GGBS, an industrial by-product, and RHA, an agricultural waste material. The main objective of this study was to investigate the compressive strength, microstructural properties, and key environmental indicators of different mortar mixes using established methodologies with the scope of cradle-to-site. The findings showed that non-autoclaved slag-agro-based aerated geopolymer reduces the compressive strength and increases the porosity due to the action of an air-entraining agent and modified geopolymerization. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis reveals the formation of polysialation due to the addition of an air-entraining agent. XRD reports the formation of calcium silicate hydrates and aluminosilicate in slag-ash-based aerated geopolymer concrete. The results of the TGA analysis showed high thermal stability despite increased porosity. Non-autoclaved slag-agro-based aerated geopolymer exhibited a lesser environmental impact and higher SI of 1.23 × 10<sup>3</sup> kgCO<sub>2</sub>-eq/MPa/m<sup>3</sup> than traditional mortar. Thus, the research indicates the importance of adopting industrial and agricultural by-products as alternative resources for mortar/concrete manufacturing could mitigate the environmental impacts and promote sustainable infrastructure development in the construction industry.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Strength, microstructural characteristics and sustainability aspects of slag-agro based aerated geopolymer versus cementitious mortar: a comparative investigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Sheik Farid A,
  • Revathy Jayaseelan,
  • Gajalakshmi Pandulu

摘要

As sustainability gains paramount importance in construction materials, geopolymer material emerges as a promising alternative to cementitious materials due to its reduced carbon footprint and enhanced sustainability. Optimizing mix designs with air-entraining agents is crucial for balancing mechanical strength and stabilizing microstructural characteristics. Although the reduced carbon footprint of these materials compared to traditional Portland cement is well acknowledged, comprehensive assessments of their sustainability, especially in terms of global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP), are still limited and warrant further research. To promote sustainability, this study examines the cleaner production of a non-autoclaved aerated geopolymer composite incorporating GGBS, an industrial by-product, and RHA, an agricultural waste material. The main objective of this study was to investigate the compressive strength, microstructural properties, and key environmental indicators of different mortar mixes using established methodologies with the scope of cradle-to-site. The findings showed that non-autoclaved slag-agro-based aerated geopolymer reduces the compressive strength and increases the porosity due to the action of an air-entraining agent and modified geopolymerization. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis reveals the formation of polysialation due to the addition of an air-entraining agent. XRD reports the formation of calcium silicate hydrates and aluminosilicate in slag-ash-based aerated geopolymer concrete. The results of the TGA analysis showed high thermal stability despite increased porosity. Non-autoclaved slag-agro-based aerated geopolymer exhibited a lesser environmental impact and higher SI of 1.23 × 103 kgCO2-eq/MPa/m3 than traditional mortar. Thus, the research indicates the importance of adopting industrial and agricultural by-products as alternative resources for mortar/concrete manufacturing could mitigate the environmental impacts and promote sustainable infrastructure development in the construction industry.

Graphical abstract