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<p>Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) provide a cost-effective and flexible solution for indoor photovoltaic applications, particularly under low-light conditions. However, their reliance on platinum (Pt) counter electrodes (CEs) hinders widespread adoption due to Pt’s high cost and limited availability. This study introduces a sustainable alternative through the development of a PEDOT/MXene composite CE synthesized using a hydrothermal method with tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as an environmentally friendly etchant. The TEAOH-etched MXene displayed efficient aluminum removal, verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and exhibited a unique accordion-like morphology with a high surface area, enhancing its catalytic properties. The PEDOT/MXene composite, fabricated via electrophoretic deposition, demonstrated excellent conductivity and strong interfacial integration, as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and four-point probe measurements. Photovoltaic testing revealed that DSSCs incorporating the PEDOT/MXene CE achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.82% under low-light conditions, outperforming standalone PEDOT and MXene CEs. This enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic combination of PEDOT’s high conductivity and MXene’s catalytic activity, resulting in efficient charge transfer and improved overall cell efficiency. These findings establish the PEDOT/MXene composite as a scalable, high-performance, and sustainable CE material for flexible DSSCs, with significant potential for powering IoT devices and other energy-efficient systems.</p>

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Hydrothermal synthesis of ammonium-etched MXene for enhanced performance PEDOT/MXene counter electrodes in DSSCs

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月10日

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  • Dinesh Rao Prakas Rao,
  • Muhammad Umair Shahid,
  • Kamilah Ramly,
  • Siti Nur Azella Zaine

摘要

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) provide a cost-effective and flexible solution for indoor photovoltaic applications, particularly under low-light conditions. However, their reliance on platinum (Pt) counter electrodes (CEs) hinders widespread adoption due to Pt’s high cost and limited availability. This study introduces a sustainable alternative through the development of a PEDOT/MXene composite CE synthesized using a hydrothermal method with tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as an environmentally friendly etchant. The TEAOH-etched MXene displayed efficient aluminum removal, verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and exhibited a unique accordion-like morphology with a high surface area, enhancing its catalytic properties. The PEDOT/MXene composite, fabricated via electrophoretic deposition, demonstrated excellent conductivity and strong interfacial integration, as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and four-point probe measurements. Photovoltaic testing revealed that DSSCs incorporating the PEDOT/MXene CE achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.82% under low-light conditions, outperforming standalone PEDOT and MXene CEs. This enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic combination of PEDOT’s high conductivity and MXene’s catalytic activity, resulting in efficient charge transfer and improved overall cell efficiency. These findings establish the PEDOT/MXene composite as a scalable, high-performance, and sustainable CE material for flexible DSSCs, with significant potential for powering IoT devices and other energy-efficient systems.