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<p>In this study, we explore the impact of niobium (Nb) doping on V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> samples combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) at different concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicate the presence of orthorhombic V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and the emergence of monoclinic Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> as the Nb concentration increases. The observed shifts in 2θ positions suggest a distortion of the crystal lattice caused by Nb incorporation. Rietveld refinement confirms the orthorhombic structure of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, with a strong correlation between the experimental and calculated diffraction data (χ² = 2.30, GoF = 1.52). SEM analysis reveals that Nb doping promotes the formation of anisotropic flower-like crystalline structures. BET surface area measurements show an increase from 12.3&#xa0;m²/g in undoped V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> to 25.6&#xa0;m²/g in the samples with the highest Nb content, which favor methylene blue degradation tests. Raman spectroscopy supports these findings by showing shifts in vibrational modes, particularly in the V = O stretching, indicative of structural changes due to Nb doping. These results underscore the significant influence of Nb doping on the structural, morphological, and functional properties of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>: rGO composites. The photocatalytic degradation of MB indicates a significant reduction in absorbance over 75&#xa0;min, leading to a degradation rate of 31.05%.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Enhancing photocatalytic degradation with V2O5-based catalysts: integrating niobium and graphene oxide

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月9日

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  • Laura Bravo-Avellaneda,
  • LC Moreno-Aldana,
  • L. J. Cardenas-Flechas

摘要

In this study, we explore the impact of niobium (Nb) doping on V2O5 samples combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) at different concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicate the presence of orthorhombic V2O5 and the emergence of monoclinic Nb2O5 as the Nb concentration increases. The observed shifts in 2θ positions suggest a distortion of the crystal lattice caused by Nb incorporation. Rietveld refinement confirms the orthorhombic structure of V2O5, with a strong correlation between the experimental and calculated diffraction data (χ² = 2.30, GoF = 1.52). SEM analysis reveals that Nb doping promotes the formation of anisotropic flower-like crystalline structures. BET surface area measurements show an increase from 12.3 m²/g in undoped V2O5 to 25.6 m²/g in the samples with the highest Nb content, which favor methylene blue degradation tests. Raman spectroscopy supports these findings by showing shifts in vibrational modes, particularly in the V = O stretching, indicative of structural changes due to Nb doping. These results underscore the significant influence of Nb doping on the structural, morphological, and functional properties of V2O5: rGO composites. The photocatalytic degradation of MB indicates a significant reduction in absorbance over 75 min, leading to a degradation rate of 31.05%.

Graphical abstract