Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine-B and Crystal Violet in wastewater: a sustainable approach using bismuth molybdate

This manuscript explores the synthesis and characterization of Bi₂MoO₆ photocatalyst via the hydrothermal method, addressing concerns surrounding Bi-based photocatalysts due to their distinct crystal structures and electronic band properties. Through a combination of X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photodegradation experiments, the morphology, photocatalytic efficiency, and crystal structure of Bi₂MoO₆ were thoroughly examined. Notably, the photocatalytic activity of Bi₂MoO₆ led to the degradation of Rhodamine-B (RhB) and Crystal Violet (CV) solutions, achieving mineralization rates of 80% and 85%, respectively, within 60 min. The study elucidates the accelerated transit and separation of electron-hole pairs facilitated by hydrothermally synthesized Bi₂MoO₆, as evidenced by photodegradation investigations. Detailed discussions on the mechanisms and pathways of organic dye photodegradation are provided. Furthermore, the manuscript proposes a novel approach for the development of improved Bi-based photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic properties, while also highlighting the efficacy of Bi₂MoO₆ as a valuable catalyst for wastewater treatment, particularly in the extraction of RhB and CV in industrial wastewater.