Biomass-derived vanadium-based MAX phase nanostructures as stabilizer-free materials for symmetric supercapacitors

This research work demonstrates the in-situ carbonization technique to fabricate the symmetric supercapacitors using a two-dimensional vanadium carbide-based MAX phase derived from agricultural waste biomass "coconut shell" without using any stabilizer or binary-solvent systems. The electrochemical characterization of the MAX phase using three electrode setups along with insights from tools, such as XRD and SEM analysis. This unique structure contributed to a high specific capacity of 289 C g⁻¹ at a scan rate of 10 mVs⁻¹, accompanied by an impressive capacity retention of approximately 92% even after 2000 cycles, indicating exceptional volumetric stability. Furthermore, well-defined diffusion channels facilitated rapid charging and discharging processes, positioning V₂AlC MAX as a promising contender among pseudocapacitive materials.