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<p>The application of flow control devices in continuous casting tundishes is a common strategy to extend molten steel residence time and optimize flow and temperature fields. However, rational expansion of tundish capacity offers an alternative means to achieve comparable metallurgical benefits. To systematically investigate the effect of tundish capacity on molten steel transport characteristics, based on the adjustment of tundish longitudinal width, a novel stepwise expansion method was proposed. A six-strand T-type tundish was used as the research subject. Four geometrically scaled configurations with capacities ranging from 22 to 34 t were created through proportional width expansion. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were employed to track the evolution of molten steel flow patterns. The results demonstrated that expanding the capacity from 22 to 30 t increased the mean residence time of the molten steel from 349.14 to 626.91&#xa0;s, corresponding to a 79.6% increase. The dead zone volume fraction decreased from 30.16% to 24.18%, while the surface velocity declined from 0.06399 to 0.05814&#xa0;m/s. Additionally, the maximum temperature difference across strands was reduced from 2.52 to 1.39&#xa0;K, representing a 45% decrease. However, the 34 t tundish exhibited reduced metallurgical performance compared with that of the 30 t design. Furthermore, when the casting speed of the 30 t tundish increased to 3.2&#xa0;m/min, the mean residence time decreased by 58.26&#xa0;s. However, it remained 219.51&#xa0;s longer than that of the prototype tundish, and the dead zone volume fraction achieved a 5.98% reduction.</p>

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Influence of stepped expansion of tundish capacity on molten steel flow behavior

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Li-Hua Zhao,
  • Xue-Ming Li,
  • Shuai Yang,
  • Yan-Ping Bao

摘要

The application of flow control devices in continuous casting tundishes is a common strategy to extend molten steel residence time and optimize flow and temperature fields. However, rational expansion of tundish capacity offers an alternative means to achieve comparable metallurgical benefits. To systematically investigate the effect of tundish capacity on molten steel transport characteristics, based on the adjustment of tundish longitudinal width, a novel stepwise expansion method was proposed. A six-strand T-type tundish was used as the research subject. Four geometrically scaled configurations with capacities ranging from 22 to 34 t were created through proportional width expansion. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were employed to track the evolution of molten steel flow patterns. The results demonstrated that expanding the capacity from 22 to 30 t increased the mean residence time of the molten steel from 349.14 to 626.91 s, corresponding to a 79.6% increase. The dead zone volume fraction decreased from 30.16% to 24.18%, while the surface velocity declined from 0.06399 to 0.05814 m/s. Additionally, the maximum temperature difference across strands was reduced from 2.52 to 1.39 K, representing a 45% decrease. However, the 34 t tundish exhibited reduced metallurgical performance compared with that of the 30 t design. Furthermore, when the casting speed of the 30 t tundish increased to 3.2 m/min, the mean residence time decreased by 58.26 s. However, it remained 219.51 s longer than that of the prototype tundish, and the dead zone volume fraction achieved a 5.98% reduction.