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<p>With China’s strong emphasis on achieving ultra-low emissions in the steel industry, the precise desulfurization of blast furnace gas (BFG) has emerged as a critical research area. The complex composition of sulfides in blast furnace gas presents substantial challenges to the development of effective front-end desulfurization technologies. Given the close relationship among BFG desulfurization process design, equipment selection, and the speciation of sulfur compounds, the generation pathways and mechanisms of sulfides in BFG were investigated using the blast furnace charge structure as a foundation. A thermodynamic C–H<sub>2</sub>–SO<sub>2</sub> system was constructed with FactSage and substantiated through experimental studies. Results show that in the C–H<sub>2</sub>–SO<sub>2</sub> system when the molar fraction of H<sub>2</sub> is not more than 1.0 mol and temperatures are below 1450&#xa0;°C, H<sub>2</sub>S, COS, S<sub>2</sub>, and CS<sub>2</sub> interconvert. Higher H<sub>2</sub> levels suppress COS production, rendering COS unstable above 1000&#xa0;°C and H<sub>2</sub>S unstable above 1450&#xa0;°C. At temperatures exceeding 2000&#xa0;°C, CS<sub>2</sub> and CS prevail as the primary sulfur-containing species, with trace amounts of H<sub>2</sub>S and S<sub>2</sub> present. Sulfur in BFG arises from two key pathways within the furnace. Initially, furnace materials in the upper zone release minor quantities of COS and H<sub>2</sub>S. Subsequently, as bosh gas rises and cools through the cohesive zone, predominant sulfur compounds CS<sub>2</sub> and S<sub>2</sub> react intricately with CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O, yielding mainly organic sulfur COS and CS<sub>2</sub> alongside small fractions of inorganic sulfur H<sub>2</sub>S and SO<sub>2</sub>, which ultimately enter the top gas.</p>

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Sulfur release and transformation from fossil fuel to blast furnace gas: pathways and mechanisms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月17日

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  • Chun-Long Fan,
  • Hao Huang,
  • Hong-Tao Wang,
  • Hong-Xing Li,
  • Hong-Ming Long

摘要

With China’s strong emphasis on achieving ultra-low emissions in the steel industry, the precise desulfurization of blast furnace gas (BFG) has emerged as a critical research area. The complex composition of sulfides in blast furnace gas presents substantial challenges to the development of effective front-end desulfurization technologies. Given the close relationship among BFG desulfurization process design, equipment selection, and the speciation of sulfur compounds, the generation pathways and mechanisms of sulfides in BFG were investigated using the blast furnace charge structure as a foundation. A thermodynamic C–H2–SO2 system was constructed with FactSage and substantiated through experimental studies. Results show that in the C–H2–SO2 system when the molar fraction of H2 is not more than 1.0 mol and temperatures are below 1450 °C, H2S, COS, S2, and CS2 interconvert. Higher H2 levels suppress COS production, rendering COS unstable above 1000 °C and H2S unstable above 1450 °C. At temperatures exceeding 2000 °C, CS2 and CS prevail as the primary sulfur-containing species, with trace amounts of H2S and S2 present. Sulfur in BFG arises from two key pathways within the furnace. Initially, furnace materials in the upper zone release minor quantities of COS and H2S. Subsequently, as bosh gas rises and cools through the cohesive zone, predominant sulfur compounds CS2 and S2 react intricately with CO, CO2, H2, CH4, and H2O, yielding mainly organic sulfur COS and CS2 alongside small fractions of inorganic sulfur H2S and SO2, which ultimately enter the top gas.