<p>Under the background of the strategic goal of "double carbon," the carbon reduction and consumption reduction of the iron and steel industry, especially in&#xa0;the ironmaking process, need to be further improved. The raceway of tuyere provides the chemical environment, fuel and power source for blast furnace smelting. The research on the characteristics of its action mode and mechanism is of great significance to clarify the way of reducing carbon and consumption of blast furnace. In general, the formation mechanism, energy distribution, research progress, extended resource injection and directional regulation are studied and expounded. The research results of various scholars on the characteristics of the raceway show that the raceway is a complex process including multiphase turbulent flow, heat, momentum, mass and homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. With the development of multi-source fuel injection technology, the complexity of problem research is more obvious. Therefore, the collection of multi-factor, multi-directional and multi-process characteristic information in the raceway can provide guarantee for the stability, smooth operation, high yield, carbon reduction and consumption reduction of blast furnace and provide new ideas for the green and low-carbon development of iron and steel industry.</p>