<p>Dietary ethics occupy a central place in Indic religious traditions, where norms surrounding meat consumption articulate deeper ontological commitments and moral responsibilities toward non-human life. This article offers a comparative analysis of Brahmanical, Buddhist, and Jaina approaches to meat, non-violence, and animal ontology, and examines how their ethical force is reconfigured under conditions of modern capitalist consumption. While early Buddhist monastics were permitted to consume meat not “killed for them or by them,” Jaina traditions advanced stringent regimes of non-violence grounded in karmic causality, and Brahmanical frameworks developed ritualized economies of purity, sacrifice, and restraint. Rather than treating these models as stable inheritances, the article argues that industrial slaughter, global supply chains, and the commodification of animal life fundamentally alter their moral logic. Drawing on the concept of “entangled modernities,” the article shows how Indic dietary ethics function less as prescriptive rules than as diagnostic frameworks for interrogating responsibility, harm, and moral agency in contemporary food systems. In doing so, it contributes to current debates on religion, animal ethics, and ecological responsibility by foregrounding the limits of ethical individualism under globalized consumption.</p>