Reclaiming the Narrative Employing Cultural Relativism and Re-evaluating the Ethics and Conflicts in Uttarkaanda
摘要
S. L. Bhyrappa’s modern fiction, Uttarkaanda, delves into the complex moral and cultural landscape depicted in the last part of Valmiki’s Ramayana. The study explores the multifaceted nature of dharma and the challenges faced by individuals in directing the expectations of their roles within the cultural and societal context of ancient Indian society. It examines conflicts arising from dharma, societal expectations, personal values and their relative interpretation across different characters and situations. The article delves into the cultural relativism present in the narrative, addressing themes such as societal expectations and exile, philosophical deliberations, justice and forgiveness, gender roles and expectations, interpretation of scriptures, political power and responsibility, cultural jurisdiction and dharma, truth and conscience, material possessions and asceticism, hospitality and support, lineage and marriage alliances, women’s roles and virtues and spiritual and intellectual pursuits. The study offers a comprehensive analysis of the ethical dilemmas, conflicts and cultural relativism portrayed in the Uttarkaanda, providing valuable insights into the cultural and moral framework of ancient Indian society. Cultural relativism emphasises moral progress and reforming societal practices to bring constructive objectives.