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<p>Fire blight, caused by <i>Erwinia amylovora</i>, is a major bacterial disease affecting pear (<i>Pyrus</i> spp.) production worldwide. Understanding cultivar susceptibility and factors influencing tolerance is essential for effective disease management. In this study, we evaluated blossom blight, shoot blight, and immature fruit susceptibility of multiple European and Asian pear cultivars under field and laboratory conditions over multiple years. European cultivars generally exhibited higher tolerance than Asian cultivars, with the European cultivar ‘Harrow Delight’ and the Asian cultivars ‘Olympic’ and ‘Ya Li’ showing consistent tolerance across blossom and shoot stages. Lesion development in immature fruits varied among cultivars and differed depending on the <i>E. amylovora</i> strain (Ea110, IA01, and FC01), demonstrating strain-dependent virulence. Additionally, sugar composition analyses of leaves and immature fruits revealed limited variation in sorbitol among cultivars, while sucrose, glucose, and fructose varied more widely. Despite their roles as carbon sources for <i>E. amylovora</i>, these sugar concentrations did not fully explain differences in cultivar susceptibility. Collectively, this work provides a comparative assessment of tolerance across European and Asian pear cultivars and underscores the importance of considering both host genetics and pathogen variability in breeding and management strategies. Future research should focus on identifying the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying cultivar-specific tolerance and the interactions that modulate susceptibility, to support the development of more effective and durable fire blight control measures.</p>

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Assessing susceptibility of flowers, shoots, and fruits of European and Asian pears to the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Emma T. Alstott,
  • Sarah P. Armstrong,
  • Kellie J. Walters,
  • Suzanne M. Slack,
  • Xiaochen Yuan

摘要

Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, is a major bacterial disease affecting pear (Pyrus spp.) production worldwide. Understanding cultivar susceptibility and factors influencing tolerance is essential for effective disease management. In this study, we evaluated blossom blight, shoot blight, and immature fruit susceptibility of multiple European and Asian pear cultivars under field and laboratory conditions over multiple years. European cultivars generally exhibited higher tolerance than Asian cultivars, with the European cultivar ‘Harrow Delight’ and the Asian cultivars ‘Olympic’ and ‘Ya Li’ showing consistent tolerance across blossom and shoot stages. Lesion development in immature fruits varied among cultivars and differed depending on the E. amylovora strain (Ea110, IA01, and FC01), demonstrating strain-dependent virulence. Additionally, sugar composition analyses of leaves and immature fruits revealed limited variation in sorbitol among cultivars, while sucrose, glucose, and fructose varied more widely. Despite their roles as carbon sources for E. amylovora, these sugar concentrations did not fully explain differences in cultivar susceptibility. Collectively, this work provides a comparative assessment of tolerance across European and Asian pear cultivars and underscores the importance of considering both host genetics and pathogen variability in breeding and management strategies. Future research should focus on identifying the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying cultivar-specific tolerance and the interactions that modulate susceptibility, to support the development of more effective and durable fire blight control measures.