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<p>Strains of <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> (Murrill) M.E. Barr were isolated from the bark of <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. with visual signs of weakening in Krasnodar Krai and Abkhazia. Strains demonstrated varying degrees of phytopathogenicity in vitro towards two plant test objects. Extensive (on <i>C. sativa</i> shoots) and deep (on Granny Smith apples) necrosis was observed in 67% of isolates studied. The remaining weakly pathogenic strains were characterized by superficial growth on chestnut shoots and minimal necrosis of internal plant tissues. These strains can be considered hypovirulent. Analysis of the spectrum of secondary metabolites showed that all strains produced dimeric anthraquinones – skyrin, skyrinol, and rugulosin. Some strains synthesized diaportin and two nitrogen-containing metabolites. Experiments on the effects of various concentrations of <i>C. parasitica</i> metabolites on the viability of <i>C. sativa</i> apical shoots revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 5&#xa0;mg/ml. At higher concentrations (10&#xa0;mg/ml or more), over 50% of plants died within 4 days, and 100% mortality was noted on day 8 of incubation. When applied as droplets, <i>C. sativa</i> leaves were the most sensitive test objects, with necrosis appearing within 1–2 days, a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4&#xa0;mg/ml, and a maximum necrosis area of 37.7&#xa0;mm². Our research demonstrates for the first time the phytotoxic effect of secondary metabolites synthesized by <i>C. parasitica</i> on <i>C. sativa</i>, which manifests at high concentrations of the toxins released.</p>

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Secondary metabolites of phytopathogenic Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) and their in vitro phytotoxicity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Tatyana V. Antipova,
  • Valentina P. Zhelifonova,
  • Yulia A. Litovka,
  • Boris P. Baskunov,
  • Alexander E. Noskov,
  • Anton A. Timofeyev,
  • Igor N. Pavlov

摘要

Strains of Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) M.E. Barr were isolated from the bark of Castanea sativa Mill. with visual signs of weakening in Krasnodar Krai and Abkhazia. Strains demonstrated varying degrees of phytopathogenicity in vitro towards two plant test objects. Extensive (on C. sativa shoots) and deep (on Granny Smith apples) necrosis was observed in 67% of isolates studied. The remaining weakly pathogenic strains were characterized by superficial growth on chestnut shoots and minimal necrosis of internal plant tissues. These strains can be considered hypovirulent. Analysis of the spectrum of secondary metabolites showed that all strains produced dimeric anthraquinones – skyrin, skyrinol, and rugulosin. Some strains synthesized diaportin and two nitrogen-containing metabolites. Experiments on the effects of various concentrations of C. parasitica metabolites on the viability of C. sativa apical shoots revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 5 mg/ml. At higher concentrations (10 mg/ml or more), over 50% of plants died within 4 days, and 100% mortality was noted on day 8 of incubation. When applied as droplets, C. sativa leaves were the most sensitive test objects, with necrosis appearing within 1–2 days, a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/ml, and a maximum necrosis area of 37.7 mm². Our research demonstrates for the first time the phytotoxic effect of secondary metabolites synthesized by C. parasitica on C. sativa, which manifests at high concentrations of the toxins released.