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<p>Stem rot, caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Agroathelia rolfsii</i>, is a devastating disease in peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.), resulting in substantial global agricultural losses. This study employed RNA sequencing to unravel the molecular mechanisms of resistance by analysing the gene expression profiles of a resistant peanut genotype (Georgia-03&#xa0;L) and a susceptible genotype (Valencia C) under normal and infected conditions. From the sequencing data, 405.9&#xa0;million high-quality reads were successfully mapped to the <i>A. hypogaea</i> reference genome, achieving an average mapping rate of 97%. The alignment showed that out of the 67,124 annotated genes in the Tifrunner genome, 49,598 were expressed in at least one sample. In the resistant genotype, key defense-related genes, including receptor-like kinases, NBS-LRR resistance genes, and transcription factors such as MYB and zinc finger proteins, were strongly induced upon infection in G03L. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified a coexpression gene module which associated with resistance and enriched with the genes involved in oxidative stress response, secondary metabolism, and cell wall reinforcement. In contrast, the susceptible genotype displayed a limited activation of these defense pathways, emphasizing its vulnerability to <i>A. rolfsii</i>. Functional annotation highlighted critical pathways, such as oxidoreductase activity, glutathione metabolism, and peroxidase-mediated responses, as pivotal to the resistance mechanisms. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular basis of stem rot resistance in peanuts, offering a foundation for breeding or genetic engineering approaches to enhance disease resistance in susceptible cultivars.</p>

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Dissecting resistance mechanisms to Agroathelia rolfsii in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) through comparative RNA-Seq profiling of resistant and susceptible genotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Pankaj Kumar Verma,
  • Arindam Das,
  • Manisha Ojha,
  • Koushik Ghose,
  • Gunvant B. Patil,
  • Venkateswara R. Sripathi,
  • Rebecca S. Bennett,
  • Naveen Puppala,
  • Madhusudhana R. Janga

摘要

Stem rot, caused by the fungal pathogen Agroathelia rolfsii, is a devastating disease in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), resulting in substantial global agricultural losses. This study employed RNA sequencing to unravel the molecular mechanisms of resistance by analysing the gene expression profiles of a resistant peanut genotype (Georgia-03 L) and a susceptible genotype (Valencia C) under normal and infected conditions. From the sequencing data, 405.9 million high-quality reads were successfully mapped to the A. hypogaea reference genome, achieving an average mapping rate of 97%. The alignment showed that out of the 67,124 annotated genes in the Tifrunner genome, 49,598 were expressed in at least one sample. In the resistant genotype, key defense-related genes, including receptor-like kinases, NBS-LRR resistance genes, and transcription factors such as MYB and zinc finger proteins, were strongly induced upon infection in G03L. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified a coexpression gene module which associated with resistance and enriched with the genes involved in oxidative stress response, secondary metabolism, and cell wall reinforcement. In contrast, the susceptible genotype displayed a limited activation of these defense pathways, emphasizing its vulnerability to A. rolfsii. Functional annotation highlighted critical pathways, such as oxidoreductase activity, glutathione metabolism, and peroxidase-mediated responses, as pivotal to the resistance mechanisms. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular basis of stem rot resistance in peanuts, offering a foundation for breeding or genetic engineering approaches to enhance disease resistance in susceptible cultivars.