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<p>Barley powdery mildew, caused by <i>Blumeria hordei</i>, is a severe fungal disease that poses a major challenge to barley production in many barley-growing regions worldwide, particularly in humid and temperate regions. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer forms: Ammonium Sulfate N 21%, Ammonium Nitrate N 33%, and Urea N 46%, on managing barley powdery mildew. A greenhouse experiment in four different environments was conducted over the 2019-20 and 2020-21 cropping seasons using four Moroccan barley varieties with different resistance levels (Taffa, Amalou, Rabat 071, and Oussama). Disease severity was assessed weekly as a percentage of the covered leaf area compared to the healthy one to estimate the Area under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). Agronomic parameters such as grain yield and total dry biomass were also recorded. The results indicated that applying nitrogen supply in its three forms, significantly increased disease susceptibility in these varieties: Amalou, Oussama, and Rabat 071. However, for the resistant barely variety ‘Taffa’, there were no significant effects in both cropping seasons. Environments 1 and 2 ‎were more significantly involved in disease severity than 3 and 4. Increased nitrogen supply influenced yield under favorable pathogen growth conditions, but had no significant effect under unfavorable conditions. To manage severe powdery mildew infections, the use of resistant varieties such as Taffa, supplemented with 33% nitrogen, resulted in increased grain yield and dry biomass. Nevertheless, chemical treatments may compromise resistance and increase severity. The grain yield of the tolerant variety Rabat 071, with N 21% and N 46% and the moderately resistant variety Amalou, irrespective of the type of nitrogen fertilizer used, was increased. These findings highlight that nitrogen fertilization’s effect on disease management depends on disease severity, the type of nitrogen fertilizer, the growing conditions of ‎both the plant and the pathogen, and the type of plant resistance.</p>

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Nitrogen fertilization to manage the control of powdery mildew of barley caused by Blumeria hordei

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月14日

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  • H. El Wazziki,
  • B. El Yousfi,
  • S. Ouriniche

摘要

Barley powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria hordei, is a severe fungal disease that poses a major challenge to barley production in many barley-growing regions worldwide, particularly in humid and temperate regions. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer forms: Ammonium Sulfate N 21%, Ammonium Nitrate N 33%, and Urea N 46%, on managing barley powdery mildew. A greenhouse experiment in four different environments was conducted over the 2019-20 and 2020-21 cropping seasons using four Moroccan barley varieties with different resistance levels (Taffa, Amalou, Rabat 071, and Oussama). Disease severity was assessed weekly as a percentage of the covered leaf area compared to the healthy one to estimate the Area under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). Agronomic parameters such as grain yield and total dry biomass were also recorded. The results indicated that applying nitrogen supply in its three forms, significantly increased disease susceptibility in these varieties: Amalou, Oussama, and Rabat 071. However, for the resistant barely variety ‘Taffa’, there were no significant effects in both cropping seasons. Environments 1 and 2 ‎were more significantly involved in disease severity than 3 and 4. Increased nitrogen supply influenced yield under favorable pathogen growth conditions, but had no significant effect under unfavorable conditions. To manage severe powdery mildew infections, the use of resistant varieties such as Taffa, supplemented with 33% nitrogen, resulted in increased grain yield and dry biomass. Nevertheless, chemical treatments may compromise resistance and increase severity. The grain yield of the tolerant variety Rabat 071, with N 21% and N 46% and the moderately resistant variety Amalou, irrespective of the type of nitrogen fertilizer used, was increased. These findings highlight that nitrogen fertilization’s effect on disease management depends on disease severity, the type of nitrogen fertilizer, the growing conditions of ‎both the plant and the pathogen, and the type of plant resistance.