Design Method and Sound Generation Strategy for Interior Active Sound for Electric Vehicles Based on Musical Motives
摘要
Active sound generation technology can effectively improve the interior sound quality of electric vehicles (EVs). Traditional active sound generation methods generally simulate the internal combustion engine (ICE) sounds under a single driving condition, which cannot meet the increasingly prominent demand for diverse interior acoustic experiences under multiple driving conditions. To address this issue, a novel active sound design method and sound generation strategy are proposed based on the concept of musical motive. A hierarchical design method is proposed to construct distinct yet harmonious musical motives corresponding to multiple driving conditions. To resolve the challenge of abrupt sound changes during synthesis, a quadratic curve cross-fade method incorporating initial and terminal proportional coefficients is proposed. Meanwhile, a synthesis quality index (SQI) is established to evaluate the synthesis effect. A multi-driving-condition sound generation control strategy and associated control methods accounting for the masking effect are developed, with their effectiveness verified via a rapid control prototyping (RCP) system. Finally, a multi-dimensional comparative analysis with existing active sounds is conducted, and results indicate that the musical motive-based active sound achieves a 57% improvement in sound quality relative to the original vehicle background noise. Furthermore, preference differences across cultural regions and genders reveal that musical motive-based active sound and ICE-based sound each exhibit distinct advantages. These findings highlight the application potential of the proposed method in facilitating the development of intelligent, user-centric acoustic cockpits for future EVs.