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<p>The application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in aggressive marine concrete environments was restricted because of the bottleneck of low interlayer shear strength and poor alkali corrosion resistance. In this study, a dual biomimetic approach is proposed to engineer hybrid FRP composites with synergistic nanointerfaces and macro-scale fiber networks, inspired by the superhydrophobic structure of lotus leaves and the gradient vascular bundles of bamboo. This design uses tetraethyl orthosilicate - polymethylhydrosiloxane (TEOS - PMHS) - modified graphite / carbon nanotubes as hydrophobic nanofillers in the epoxy matrix, and also a bamboo - mimetic gradient arrangement of carbon / glass fibers. The produced biomimetically - engineered FRP (BE - FRP) bars have an interlaminar shear strength of 75.4&#xa0;MPa and maintain 80.5% of their strength after 120 days in seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSC) solution at 60 ℃ - which is a 280% increase in shear strength and 160% higher retention ratio than conventional GFRP bars. These improvements are attributed to multi - scale interfacial synergies: nano - scale hydrophobic barriers prevent corrosive ion ingress and strengthen the cohesive strength between the epoxy resins and fibers, while the gradient fiber network suppresses crack propagation through mechanical interlocking and stress redistribution. This biomimetic hybridization approach offers a general paradigm for the design of next - generation composites that overcome multiple property trade - offs in extreme environment.</p>

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Biomimetically-engineered FRP composites: integration of nanostructured resin matrix with hybrid fiber networks towards ultrahigh chemical stability and mechanical strengthening

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Zuquan Jin,
  • Hong Wang,
  • Bo Pang,
  • Shicai Li,
  • Mingfei Xu,
  • Ao Shen

摘要

The application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in aggressive marine concrete environments was restricted because of the bottleneck of low interlayer shear strength and poor alkali corrosion resistance. In this study, a dual biomimetic approach is proposed to engineer hybrid FRP composites with synergistic nanointerfaces and macro-scale fiber networks, inspired by the superhydrophobic structure of lotus leaves and the gradient vascular bundles of bamboo. This design uses tetraethyl orthosilicate - polymethylhydrosiloxane (TEOS - PMHS) - modified graphite / carbon nanotubes as hydrophobic nanofillers in the epoxy matrix, and also a bamboo - mimetic gradient arrangement of carbon / glass fibers. The produced biomimetically - engineered FRP (BE - FRP) bars have an interlaminar shear strength of 75.4 MPa and maintain 80.5% of their strength after 120 days in seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSC) solution at 60 ℃ - which is a 280% increase in shear strength and 160% higher retention ratio than conventional GFRP bars. These improvements are attributed to multi - scale interfacial synergies: nano - scale hydrophobic barriers prevent corrosive ion ingress and strengthen the cohesive strength between the epoxy resins and fibers, while the gradient fiber network suppresses crack propagation through mechanical interlocking and stress redistribution. This biomimetic hybridization approach offers a general paradigm for the design of next - generation composites that overcome multiple property trade - offs in extreme environment.