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<p>The rising demand for intelligent health monitoring and smart environments has driven the development of non-contact sensors capable of accurately detecting human motion without physical interaction. Here, we present a high-performance triboelectric sensor (TES) based on a 2,6-diaminopyridine-functionalized graphene oxide (DAP-GO)/silk composite paired with an electrospun PVDF-HFP/3 wt% MXene (<i>PH3M</i>) counter layer. Among the composites, 1.5 wt% DAP-GO (<i>1.5SDAPG</i>) exhibits synergistic improvements in tribopolarity and charge trapping, yielding an ~ 8-fold enhancement in open-circuit voltage compared to pristine silk. The optimized <i>1.5SDAPG/PH3M-TENG</i> achieves a mechanical-to-electrical conversion efficiency of 0.18%, powers a digital stopwatch continuously for over 30&#xa0;min, and demonstrates the capability to directly recharge a lithium-ion coin cell battery. Beyond energy harvesting, the device enables contactless detection of human activities (such as walking, running, and falling) through proximity-induced electrostatic field disturbances. It further supports spatially resolved motion tracking by localizing touch events at varying distances. This multifunctional platform integrates sustainable energy harvesting with advanced sensing, offering a promising pathway for remote elderly monitoring, fall detection, and smart surveillance. Collectively, the <i>1.5SDAPG/PH3M-TES</i> establishes a foundation for IoT-enabled, self-powered, contactless human–machine interfaces and next-generation intelligent living systems.</p>

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Aromatic Amine-Functionalized graphene oxide enables Proximity-Sensitive triboelectric sensors for intelligent motion tracking and LIB charging

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Prasad Gajula,
  • Insun Woo,
  • Seung-Ju Oh,
  • Jin Woo Bae

摘要

The rising demand for intelligent health monitoring and smart environments has driven the development of non-contact sensors capable of accurately detecting human motion without physical interaction. Here, we present a high-performance triboelectric sensor (TES) based on a 2,6-diaminopyridine-functionalized graphene oxide (DAP-GO)/silk composite paired with an electrospun PVDF-HFP/3 wt% MXene (PH3M) counter layer. Among the composites, 1.5 wt% DAP-GO (1.5SDAPG) exhibits synergistic improvements in tribopolarity and charge trapping, yielding an ~ 8-fold enhancement in open-circuit voltage compared to pristine silk. The optimized 1.5SDAPG/PH3M-TENG achieves a mechanical-to-electrical conversion efficiency of 0.18%, powers a digital stopwatch continuously for over 30 min, and demonstrates the capability to directly recharge a lithium-ion coin cell battery. Beyond energy harvesting, the device enables contactless detection of human activities (such as walking, running, and falling) through proximity-induced electrostatic field disturbances. It further supports spatially resolved motion tracking by localizing touch events at varying distances. This multifunctional platform integrates sustainable energy harvesting with advanced sensing, offering a promising pathway for remote elderly monitoring, fall detection, and smart surveillance. Collectively, the 1.5SDAPG/PH3M-TES establishes a foundation for IoT-enabled, self-powered, contactless human–machine interfaces and next-generation intelligent living systems.