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<p>The selective detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as ethanol and methanol remains challenging due to their structural similarities and low reactivity, necessitating simple, real-time sensors for applications in health monitoring, environmental safety, and industrial processes. Herein, we report a graphene oxide (GO)-enhanced polymer cholesteric liquid crystal interpenetrating polymer network (PCLC<sub>IPN</sub>) photonic array dot sensor for discriminating ethanol, methanol, and their mixtures (ratios 1:1, 1:3, 3:1) in aqueous solutions. The sensor integrates a porous PCLC template with a poly(acrylic acid)/GO (0.05 wt%) hydrogel, functionalized by 0.60M NaOH to disrupt hydrogen bonds and enable reversible swelling/deswelling. GO incorporation facilitates π-π electron stacking, enhancing alcohol absorption and structural stability. UV-vis transmission spectroscopy reveals linear photonic bandgap wavelength shifts (Δλ<sub>PBG</sub>) from 5% to 70% alcohol concentrations, with sensitivities of -0.902 to -1.260&#xa0;nm/% at 5&#xa0;s for various compositions, outperforming prior systems limited to 5–60% or nonlinear responses. The distinct ethanol/methanol response is attributed to differences in their Hansen solubility parameters. The sensor exhibits rapid response, low limits of detection (LoD: -1.244 to -3.291%/15 µL), and reversibility over 80 cycles. This photonic platform advances label-free, visual VOC sensing for point-of-care and on-site applications.</p>

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Graphene oxide-enhanced polymer cholesteric photonic array dots for linear, reversible and selective alcohol identification

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Bhupendra Pratap Singh,
  • Shug-June Hwang

摘要

The selective detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as ethanol and methanol remains challenging due to their structural similarities and low reactivity, necessitating simple, real-time sensors for applications in health monitoring, environmental safety, and industrial processes. Herein, we report a graphene oxide (GO)-enhanced polymer cholesteric liquid crystal interpenetrating polymer network (PCLCIPN) photonic array dot sensor for discriminating ethanol, methanol, and their mixtures (ratios 1:1, 1:3, 3:1) in aqueous solutions. The sensor integrates a porous PCLC template with a poly(acrylic acid)/GO (0.05 wt%) hydrogel, functionalized by 0.60M NaOH to disrupt hydrogen bonds and enable reversible swelling/deswelling. GO incorporation facilitates π-π electron stacking, enhancing alcohol absorption and structural stability. UV-vis transmission spectroscopy reveals linear photonic bandgap wavelength shifts (ΔλPBG) from 5% to 70% alcohol concentrations, with sensitivities of -0.902 to -1.260 nm/% at 5 s for various compositions, outperforming prior systems limited to 5–60% or nonlinear responses. The distinct ethanol/methanol response is attributed to differences in their Hansen solubility parameters. The sensor exhibits rapid response, low limits of detection (LoD: -1.244 to -3.291%/15 µL), and reversibility over 80 cycles. This photonic platform advances label-free, visual VOC sensing for point-of-care and on-site applications.