Advances in electrically functional nanocomposites: classification and future prospects

Electricity is ubiquitous and integral to human society, serving as the cornerstone of modern civilization. With the emergence of a series of nanomaterials with certain electrical properties, the development of nanocomposites with specific electrofunctionalities is also booming, driving intense research interest. To highlight the importance of electrically functional nanocomposites and provide an overview of recent advancements about them, this article explores various types of composite materials based on the transformation between electrical energy and other physical energy forms. These include optoelectronic, thermoelectric, acoustoelectric, electromagnetic, and electrical sensing functional nanocomposites. In addition, a summary and outlook were provided on the future development directions of different electrical functional nanocomposites.