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<p>The increasing interdependencies between water and energy systems present significant challenges for sustainable urban infrastructure planning. The Water-Energy Nexus provides an integrated approach to optimizing resource efficiency, improving resilience, and mitigating climate-induced risks. This study develops a hybrid efficiency-resilience assessment model that incorporates Data Envelopment Analysis, network-based evaluation, and spatial resilience metrics to evaluate the performance of urban water-energy utilities. By leveraging multi-output efficiency models, this research assesses the operational performance of water utilities while integrating resilience indicators, ensuring that infrastructure planning aligns with long-term sustainability goals. The results reveal that utilities with higher redundancy and network resilience tend to achieve superior efficiency scores; for example, Tehran District 1 achieved the highest efficiency score of 0.96 and resilience score of 0.83, compared to District 4’s lower scores of 0.76 and 0.66, respectively. Moreover, financial analysis indicates a strong correlation of 0.98 between investment levels and revenue generation, reinforcing the need for targeted infrastructure funding. The findings also demonstrate that lower power losses, such as 7.1% in District 1, correspond to higher pumping efficiency, underscoring the critical link between energy and water performance. As a result, this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on multi-criteria decision-making in water and energy planning and provides actionable guidance for policymakers, utility managers, and regulators.</p>

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A novel spatial-resilience and DEA-integrated benchmarking model for performance evaluation of urban water utilities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • H. Esmaeili,
  • M. A. Afsharkazemi,
  • R. Radfar,
  • N. Pilevari

摘要

The increasing interdependencies between water and energy systems present significant challenges for sustainable urban infrastructure planning. The Water-Energy Nexus provides an integrated approach to optimizing resource efficiency, improving resilience, and mitigating climate-induced risks. This study develops a hybrid efficiency-resilience assessment model that incorporates Data Envelopment Analysis, network-based evaluation, and spatial resilience metrics to evaluate the performance of urban water-energy utilities. By leveraging multi-output efficiency models, this research assesses the operational performance of water utilities while integrating resilience indicators, ensuring that infrastructure planning aligns with long-term sustainability goals. The results reveal that utilities with higher redundancy and network resilience tend to achieve superior efficiency scores; for example, Tehran District 1 achieved the highest efficiency score of 0.96 and resilience score of 0.83, compared to District 4’s lower scores of 0.76 and 0.66, respectively. Moreover, financial analysis indicates a strong correlation of 0.98 between investment levels and revenue generation, reinforcing the need for targeted infrastructure funding. The findings also demonstrate that lower power losses, such as 7.1% in District 1, correspond to higher pumping efficiency, underscoring the critical link between energy and water performance. As a result, this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on multi-criteria decision-making in water and energy planning and provides actionable guidance for policymakers, utility managers, and regulators.