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<p>The increasing global demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources has led to the widespread adoption of biodiesel as a promising alternative fuel to conventional diesel. However, the impact of biodiesel concentration and temperature on fuel properties remains a critical area of research for optimizing fuel performance and engine efficiency. This study investigates the influence of biodiesel concentration and temperature variations on key fuel characteristics, including density, viscosity, thermal stability, and combustion performance. A series of diesel–biodiesel blends (B10, B20, B50, and B100) were prepared and analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and rheological measurements. The results revealed that density increased linearly with biodiesel concentration, while viscosity exhibited an exponential decline with temperature, following the Arrhenius model. TGA analysis demonstrated improved thermal stability at higher biodiesel concentrations, with a shift in the onset degradation temperature from 170&#xa0;°C (diesel) to 210&#xa0;°C (B100). DSC results confirmed dominant endothermic behavior across all blends, with exothermic peaks appearing at high biodiesel levels. Engine performance testing indicated a 20.69% increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for biodiesel-rich blends, though brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased due to biodiesel's lower calorific value. These findings underscore the need for optimizing biodiesel-diesel formulations to enhance fuel efficiency while balancing emission trade-offs. Future studies should focus on long-term engine durability and fuel system compatibility to facilitate widespread biodiesel adoption.</p>

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Impact of biodiesel concentration and temperature on fuel properties: a comprehensive analysis of diesel and biodiesel mixtures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • R. Dhairiyasamy,
  • D. Varshney,
  • S. Singh,
  • D. Gabiriel

摘要

The increasing global demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources has led to the widespread adoption of biodiesel as a promising alternative fuel to conventional diesel. However, the impact of biodiesel concentration and temperature on fuel properties remains a critical area of research for optimizing fuel performance and engine efficiency. This study investigates the influence of biodiesel concentration and temperature variations on key fuel characteristics, including density, viscosity, thermal stability, and combustion performance. A series of diesel–biodiesel blends (B10, B20, B50, and B100) were prepared and analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and rheological measurements. The results revealed that density increased linearly with biodiesel concentration, while viscosity exhibited an exponential decline with temperature, following the Arrhenius model. TGA analysis demonstrated improved thermal stability at higher biodiesel concentrations, with a shift in the onset degradation temperature from 170 °C (diesel) to 210 °C (B100). DSC results confirmed dominant endothermic behavior across all blends, with exothermic peaks appearing at high biodiesel levels. Engine performance testing indicated a 20.69% increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for biodiesel-rich blends, though brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased due to biodiesel's lower calorific value. These findings underscore the need for optimizing biodiesel-diesel formulations to enhance fuel efficiency while balancing emission trade-offs. Future studies should focus on long-term engine durability and fuel system compatibility to facilitate widespread biodiesel adoption.