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<p>This study presents an integrated multi-objective optimization framework to assess structural–thermal trade-offs in high-rise building design by incorporating Earth–Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) systems. A G + 8 office building located in Bhopal, India—representing a composite climate—is used as a case study. The optimization aims to minimize structural embodied carbon and annual HVAC energy consumption, while maximizing thermal comfort (based on PMV) and EAHE thermal efficiency relative to cost and embodied emissions. Structural systems (RCC, precast, steel, hybrid), envelope configurations, and EAHE design parameters (pipe length, burial depth, diameter, airflow, soil conductivity) are evaluated using a simulation-integrated approach. ETABS and EnergyPlus are used for structural and thermal performance analysis, while a 1D analytical EAHE model estimates temperature drop. The optimization problem is solved using an improved NSGA-III algorithm with adaptive penalty functions and elite archiving, followed by TOPSIS for solution ranking. Results reveal up to 25% reduction in embodied carbon and 12&#xa0;°C reduction in inlet air temperature due to EAHE, with significant energy savings and comfort enhancement. The framework outperforms existing models in terms of convergence, diversity, and hypervolume. This study offers a robust tool for architects, engineers, and policymakers to design energy-efficient, climate-responsive, and structurally feasible high-rise buildings aligned with ECBC and green building standards.</p>

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An improved NSGA-III-based optimization framework for structural–thermal trade-offs in high-rise buildings with earth–air heat exchanger integration and multi-criteria decision analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Mohit Agrawal,
  • Rajendra Singh Rajput,
  • Mukesh Pandey,
  • Rakesh Gupta,
  • Arun Singh Kushwah,
  • Prabhu Dayal Arya

摘要

This study presents an integrated multi-objective optimization framework to assess structural–thermal trade-offs in high-rise building design by incorporating Earth–Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) systems. A G + 8 office building located in Bhopal, India—representing a composite climate—is used as a case study. The optimization aims to minimize structural embodied carbon and annual HVAC energy consumption, while maximizing thermal comfort (based on PMV) and EAHE thermal efficiency relative to cost and embodied emissions. Structural systems (RCC, precast, steel, hybrid), envelope configurations, and EAHE design parameters (pipe length, burial depth, diameter, airflow, soil conductivity) are evaluated using a simulation-integrated approach. ETABS and EnergyPlus are used for structural and thermal performance analysis, while a 1D analytical EAHE model estimates temperature drop. The optimization problem is solved using an improved NSGA-III algorithm with adaptive penalty functions and elite archiving, followed by TOPSIS for solution ranking. Results reveal up to 25% reduction in embodied carbon and 12 °C reduction in inlet air temperature due to EAHE, with significant energy savings and comfort enhancement. The framework outperforms existing models in terms of convergence, diversity, and hypervolume. This study offers a robust tool for architects, engineers, and policymakers to design energy-efficient, climate-responsive, and structurally feasible high-rise buildings aligned with ECBC and green building standards.