Assessment of impact loads on structures due to LPG gas leakage and explosion—a numerical modelling approach

This paper describes the process for assessing explosion impact on structures due to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) leakage, accompanied by a numerical modelling approach. Focused on the structures, the study aims to quantify overpressure from accidental explosions. In response, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models have emerged as essential tools, offering comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) simulations of accident sequences. In Ansys Fluent, the research develops a CFD-based approach to modelling vapour cloud explosions (VCEs), particularly in scenarios involving buildings and LPG tank farm. Investigating the dispersion of flammable gases, the study assesses the applicability of realizable k-ɛ turbulence models for dense vapour dispersion. CFD simulations consider factors such as pressure, turbulence, and temperature, as well as the release of flammable fuels, vapour cloud formation, and their effects on structures after the explosion. The findings also reveal the drag and lift forces at play during the explosion process. The results suggest that conventional software can effectively simulate explosion effects. This study provides valuable insights for design engineers, offering practical guidance on key considerations for constructing explosion-resistant structures.