Comparative study on the seismic performance of a typical low-rise building in Nepal using different seismic codes

The recently enacted Nepal National Building Code of 2020 necessitates an examination and contrast of the seismic performance of the most prevalent architectural typologies based on various building codes. However, previous research has primarily focused on comparing seismic building design codes with hypothetical building and various assumptions regarding seismic parameters. To address this gap, this study aims to investigate the performance of a reinforced concrete frame type building approved by the municipality for construction. The analysis was conducted using ETABS according to the linear equivalent lateral force method. The study building was analysed to compare the base shear, story displacement, and story drift in accordance with Nepal National Building Code, Indian Code, and American Society of Civil Engineers guidelines. The analysis results indicated that NBC 105:2020 showed a higher value of base shear compared to the other codes. Incorporating the impact of cracked sections, NBC 105:2020, IS 1893:2016, and ASCE 7–16 guidelines demonstrated a significant effect on displacement and period. In comparison to NBC 105:1994 and IS 1893:2002, the periods increased by approximately 35% for these codes. The investigation revealed that the revised NBC 105:2020 displayed higher values for all response parameters analysed. Based on the design outcomes, the IS codes exhibited the highest percentage of longitudinal rebar, while NBC 105:1994 depicted the lowest. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the adherence to building code regulations during construction. The findings of this study aim to equip designers with comprehensive knowledge regarding seismic provisions and standards to facilitate informed decision-making in their design endeavours.