Comparison of I-shape connector with channels and headed studs: experimental study and finite element analysis

In this paper, an experimental study was focused on three types of connectors. A total of eighteen push-out specimens were built and loaded to failure in the Laboratory of Materials and Mechanics of Structures (LMMS) at the University of M’sila. The main objective was to compare the efficiency of using I-shape connector as a competitive connector with channels and headed studs. During testing, the shear loading applied to each connector and the slip between the steel beam and the concrete slab were recorded. The failure modes of all specimens were also analysed. In addition, the finite element analysis was conducted to investigate the local deformation of the connectors and to explain the stress distribution and the crack propagation through the concrete. Based on the test results and the finite element analysis, it was found that the shear strength and the elastic stiffness of the I-shape connector are similar to those of channel connector and higher than those of the headed stud connector. However, the headed Stud connector exhibits more ductility compared to the I-shape connector and the channel connector. In conclusion, one notes that the I-shape connector, proposed as a competing connector, can be used to ensure the steel–concrete connection in the composite beams of bridges and metal buildings.