<p>Weed control is the primary challenge in aerobic cultivation of rice. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of different herbicides and tillage systems on yield and yield components of aerobic cultivated rice. The experiment was conducted as a combined analysis across different locations with three replicates during 2022 and 2023 in Ramiyan township, Golestan province, Iran. The factors included tillage (as locations) at three levels of conventional, reduced, and zero tillage, and weed management including pendimethalin, pendimethalin + bispyribac sodium, pendimethalin + penoxsulam, penoxsulam + penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium + bispyribac sodium, pendimethalin + bispyribac sodium + bispyribac sodium, pendimethalin + penoxsulam + penoxsulam, weeding, and weed-infested control. The results showed that next to the weed-free treatment, pendimethalin + bispyribac sodium + bispyribac sodium and pendimethalin + penoxsulam + penoxsulam were superior in terms of number of tillers, grains per plant, 1000- grain weight, grain yield and biological yield under all tillage conditions, whereas sole application of pendimethalin had a poor efficacy. The highest grain yield under conventional tillage belonged to pendimethalin + bispyribac sodium + bispyribac sodium, pendimethalin + penoxsulam + penoxsulam, and hand weeding with 3660, 3733, and 3800&#xa0;kg ha^− 1 in the first year and 4820, 4804, 5879&#xa0;kg ha^− 1 in the second year, respectively. These values under reduced tillage were 3913, 3776, and 3933&#xa0;kg ha^− 1 in the first year and 5121, 5113, and 5158&#xa0;kg ha^− 1 in the second year, respectively. Under zero tillage conditions, grain yield of the above treatments was respectively 4016, 4000, and 4166&#xa0;kg ha^− 1 in the first year and 4594, 4724, and 5212&#xa0;kg ha^− 1 in the second year. The results confirmed that suitable tillage and weed management treatments can help to improve the yield in aerobic cultivated rice.</p>