Investigating Connection-Building Strategies Used by Contact Improvisation Dancers
摘要
The feeling of togetherness, which we understand as creating something larger than oneself with others, often emerges in creative, open-ended interactions. Existing ethnographic accounts suggest that contact improvisation, which is an improvised dance form stressing tactile somatic communication, elicits particularly strong feelings of intimacy and connection. We ask what forms of attention are associated with these feelings and what interactional skills can be used to foster them. To investigate this, in this study, we record eight short contact improvisation duets in controlled conditions. Video recordings are used as prompts for in-depth interviews with dancers involved and with expert contact improvisation teachers. Based on the interviews, we portray togetherness as a state of mindful attunement to one’s partner, in which dancers co-create their dance without visible roles or turn-taking dynamics. We associate togetherness with moments in dance when dancers’ attention is focused on the process happening “in between” individuals, and they feel that the “dance dances itself”. To achieve this state, dancers use deliberate strategies, such as shifting attention focus to peripheral vision, adjusting the speed of their actions, and expanding the field of trust. Our results show that, if theories of social cognition are to be congruent with human experience, they should explain both individual- and collective-level processes.