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<p>The response to Nicolas Koj’s objections to my contribution on ‘small revenge’ deepens the discussion of the relationship between revenge and forgiveness. The spectrum of feelings and practices of revenge encompasses not only destructive impulses but also ambivalent social forms that can assume an ethical function in everyday life. At the core lies the question of self-responsible practices by which, in times of heightened vulnerability and increasing state regulation—which tends to deprive citizens of responsibility—conflicts can still be resolved independently and relationships of respect maintained. Here, small acts of revenge may occasionally serve functions that neither unconditional forgiveness nor state regulation can fulfill. Such ‘small’ forms of revenge can create the emotional conditions for perspective shifts and open pathways to behavioral changes that restore respect. Rather than treating revenge and forgiveness as exclusive opposites, it is argued that communicative forms of moderate revenge may be integrated into processes of moral repair. Finally, a&#xa0;provisional catalogue of normative criteria is outlined, setting moral boundaries for a&#xa0;possible culture of revenge.</p>

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Die kleine Rache im Alltag: Replik auf Nicolas Koj

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Maria-Sibylla Lotter

摘要

The response to Nicolas Koj’s objections to my contribution on ‘small revenge’ deepens the discussion of the relationship between revenge and forgiveness. The spectrum of feelings and practices of revenge encompasses not only destructive impulses but also ambivalent social forms that can assume an ethical function in everyday life. At the core lies the question of self-responsible practices by which, in times of heightened vulnerability and increasing state regulation—which tends to deprive citizens of responsibility—conflicts can still be resolved independently and relationships of respect maintained. Here, small acts of revenge may occasionally serve functions that neither unconditional forgiveness nor state regulation can fulfill. Such ‘small’ forms of revenge can create the emotional conditions for perspective shifts and open pathways to behavioral changes that restore respect. Rather than treating revenge and forgiveness as exclusive opposites, it is argued that communicative forms of moderate revenge may be integrated into processes of moral repair. Finally, a provisional catalogue of normative criteria is outlined, setting moral boundaries for a possible culture of revenge.