Post Covid-19 economic and social impact on international migrant workers employment vulnerability: empirical evidence from Chittagong division, Bangladesh

The current study has been conducted with the purpose of investigating the post-Covid-19 economic and social crisis impact on international migrant workers employment vulnerability in Chittagong division, Bangladesh. This study was conducted as a survey on 350 households that have returned from the migrated countries or rejoined their jobs it mean that these are households which experienced the return of a migrant worker post-COVID and that the worker either remains in the household or has returned overseas. However, the structural equation model (SEM) findings imply that the COVID-19 crisis is what makes the labor market more susceptible to shocks from sudden unemployment. Income crises have a positive impact on employment vulnerability. Employment vulnerability can rise by 0.34 percent for every one percent increase in income crisis. Each percentage point of a loan crisis or a lack of loan facilities results in an increase in employment vulnerability of 0.90 percent. Alternatively, a 0.97% increase in employment vulnerability is caused by a lack of healthcare facilities, poor service, and inadequate healthcare facilities. There was a positive effect of migrant worker harassment on employment vulnerability; it was calculated that for every 1 unit increase in harassment, employment vulnerability increased by 0.07 units. The study also suggests that a rise in employment creation is advantageous for this nation, where it is necessary to eliminate employment vulnerability.