<p>Aizkoltxo (Mendaro, Gipuzkoa) is a site with a Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene sequence, spanning from the Late Magdalenian to the Chalcolithic. The Late Magdalenian layer yielded six engraved portable art pieces: a multi-perforated <i>bâton percé</i>, a broken pendant, a perforated whale bone rod, two fragments of a bird bone tube and a small, engraved pebble. These objects were recovered in a space under the occupation floor; materials in this space have been dated to the Final Magdalenian, a period of intensive site use, as evidenced by abundant lithics, osseous industry and faunal remains. The iconography of this assemblage is diverse, combining normative and non-normative figurative motifs with conventional non-figurative elements (parallel or multiple Xs and Vs, simple lines). Some figures, though difficult to identify, exhibit detailed naturalistic features and may depict European asses or rabbits, seals or fish, alongside classic Magdalenian themes: a doe, a horse, a frontal-view red deer and ibex and two antlers. This combination of highly detailed and schematic figures, alongside traditional motifs, underscores the variability of Late Magdalenian portable art. Furthermore, this assemblage highlights the strong connections between the Cantabrian region, the Bay of Biscay and southern France, emphasizing Aizkoltxo’s role as a bridge between these key cultural areas. By examining the decorative structures within this corpus, we explore how evolving artistic expressions reflect broader cultural thought processes during this period.</p>

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Artistic Variability and Cultural Dynamics in the Late Pleistocene: The Late Magdalenian Portable Art Assemblage from Aizkoltxo (Gipuzkoa, Spain)

  • Blanca Ochoa,
  • Daniel Ruiz-González,
  • Erik Arevalo-Muñoz,
  • Javier Alberdi-Urdalleta,
  • Juan Mari Arruabarrena-Astiazaran,
  • José Antonio Mujika-Alustiza

摘要

Aizkoltxo (Mendaro, Gipuzkoa) is a site with a Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene sequence, spanning from the Late Magdalenian to the Chalcolithic. The Late Magdalenian layer yielded six engraved portable art pieces: a multi-perforated bâton percé, a broken pendant, a perforated whale bone rod, two fragments of a bird bone tube and a small, engraved pebble. These objects were recovered in a space under the occupation floor; materials in this space have been dated to the Final Magdalenian, a period of intensive site use, as evidenced by abundant lithics, osseous industry and faunal remains. The iconography of this assemblage is diverse, combining normative and non-normative figurative motifs with conventional non-figurative elements (parallel or multiple Xs and Vs, simple lines). Some figures, though difficult to identify, exhibit detailed naturalistic features and may depict European asses or rabbits, seals or fish, alongside classic Magdalenian themes: a doe, a horse, a frontal-view red deer and ibex and two antlers. This combination of highly detailed and schematic figures, alongside traditional motifs, underscores the variability of Late Magdalenian portable art. Furthermore, this assemblage highlights the strong connections between the Cantabrian region, the Bay of Biscay and southern France, emphasizing Aizkoltxo’s role as a bridge between these key cultural areas. By examining the decorative structures within this corpus, we explore how evolving artistic expressions reflect broader cultural thought processes during this period.