<p>The cave of El Aliya, on the Atlantic coast of northern Morocco, preserved an MSA occupational sequence that produced Aterian lithic assemblages (i.e., with tanged pieces) dated to MIS 3. The MSA deposits were excavated during the late 1930s and 1940s. The lithic assemblages that were recovered contained an unusually large number of bifacial foliates. Despite being highly unique among northwest African MSA sites in this regard, no studies have explored what behavioral patterns may have influenced the lithic evidence from this site. Here, I present the results of comparative analyses of lithic raw material procurement patterns, assemblage composition, fragmentation of reduction sequences, and artifact reduction rates of the lithic assemblage from Layer 6 of El Aliya and those from other MSA sites in Morocco. Data from these analyses inform interpretations on the patterns of site function and group mobility that produced the distinctive archaeological record of Layer 6. Results indicate that this lithic assemblage contains 1) a strikingly high representation of bifacial foliates and other pointed tool forms, some exhibiting potential impact fractures and other types of damage; 2) incomplete reduction sequences suggesting that many of the lithic artifacts were not manufactured on-site; and 3) retouched artifacts that show unexpectedly high rates of reduction. Based on the association of this lithic assemblage with zooarchaeological evidence consistent with anthropogenic accumulations and intense hunting of gazelle, it is proposed that during the deposition of Layer 6, El Aliya may have been used by groups of highly mobile foragers during brief forays as a specialized location for the processing of animal resources.</p>