<p>In this paper, we study the normalized solutions of the Schrödinger system with trapping potentials <Equation ID="Equ18"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_Equ18.gif" Format="GIF" Height="65" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="400" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u_1+V_1(x)u_1-\lambda _1 u_1=\mu _1 u_1^3+\beta u_1u_2^{2}+\kappa u_2~\text {in}~ {\mathbb {R}}^3,\\ -\Delta u_2+V_2(x)u_2-\lambda _2 u_2=\mu _2 u_2^3+\beta u_1^2u_2+\kappa u_1~\text {in}~ {\mathbb {R}}^3,\\ u_1\in H^1({\mathbb {R}}^3), u_2\in H^1({\mathbb {R}}^3), \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>3</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>β</mi> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>κ</mi> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>3</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>β</mi> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>κ</mi> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>under the constraint <Equation ID="Equ19"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_Equ19.gif" Format="GIF" Height="41" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="178" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \int _{{\mathbb {R}}^3} u_1^2=a_1^2,~\int _{{\mathbb {R}}^3} u_2^2=a_2^2, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="142" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu _1,\mu _2,a_1,a_2,\beta &gt;0,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\kappa \in {\mathbb {R}},\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>κ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V_1(x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V_2(x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are trapping potentials, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda _1,\lambda _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are Lagrangian multipliers, this is a typical <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-supercritical case in <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^3.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> We obtain the existence of solutions to this system by minimax theory on the manifold for <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\kappa =0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>κ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41980_2025_983_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\kappa \ne 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>κ</mi> <mo>≠</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> respectively.</p>

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Normalized Solutions to Schrödinger Systems with Potentials

  • Zhaoyang Yun

摘要

In this paper, we study the normalized solutions of the Schrödinger system with trapping potentials \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u_1+V_1(x)u_1-\lambda _1 u_1=\mu _1 u_1^3+\beta u_1u_2^{2}+\kappa u_2~\text {in}~ {\mathbb {R}}^3,\\ -\Delta u_2+V_2(x)u_2-\lambda _2 u_2=\mu _2 u_2^3+\beta u_1^2u_2+\kappa u_1~\text {in}~ {\mathbb {R}}^3,\\ u_1\in H^1({\mathbb {R}}^3), u_2\in H^1({\mathbb {R}}^3), \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) - Δ u 1 + V 1 ( x ) u 1 - λ 1 u 1 = μ 1 u 1 3 + β u 1 u 2 2 + κ u 2 in R 3 , - Δ u 2 + V 2 ( x ) u 2 - λ 2 u 2 = μ 2 u 2 3 + β u 1 2 u 2 + κ u 1 in R 3 , u 1 H 1 ( R 3 ) , u 2 H 1 ( R 3 ) , under the constraint \(\begin{aligned} \int _{{\mathbb {R}}^3} u_1^2=a_1^2,~\int _{{\mathbb {R}}^3} u_2^2=a_2^2, \end{aligned}\) R 3 u 1 2 = a 1 2 , R 3 u 2 2 = a 2 2 , where \(\mu _1,\mu _2,a_1,a_2,\beta >0,\) μ 1 , μ 2 , a 1 , a 2 , β > 0 , \(\kappa \in {\mathbb {R}},\) κ R , \(V_1(x)\) V 1 ( x ) and \(V_2(x)\) V 2 ( x ) are trapping potentials, and \(\lambda _1,\lambda _2\) λ 1 , λ 2 are Lagrangian multipliers, this is a typical \(L^2\) L 2 -supercritical case in \({\mathbb {R}}^3.\) R 3 . We obtain the existence of solutions to this system by minimax theory on the manifold for \(\kappa =0\) κ = 0 and \(\kappa \ne 0\) κ 0 respectively.