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<p>Flood Susceptibility Mapping (FSM) is crucial for identifying flood-prone areas by integrating topographical, environmental, and hydrological factors. This study applies a GIS-based Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to delineate flood susceptibility zones in the Jia Bharali River Basin, Sonitpur District, Assam. Ten key parameters were analyzed: elevation, slope, river proximity, precipitation, drainage density, soil type, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), NDVI, and road proximity. A 3D flood simulation model was developed to enhance visualization and support decision-making. Additionally, the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was calculated for 2003, 2013, and 2023 to track hydrological changes over time. The FSM results for 2003 showed that 'very low' and 'very high' flood susceptibility zones covered 31.09% (213.50 km<sup>2</sup>) and 7.84% (53.84 km<sup>2</sup>) of the area, respectively. By 2023, these zones declined to 2.41% (16.54 km<sup>2</sup>) and 4.39% (30.14 km<sup>2</sup>), indicating significant landscape and hydrological transformations. The 3D flood simulation revealed high-risk areas with flood levels reaching up to 75&#xa0;m. NDWI analysis captured temporal shifts in water bodies and river channels, with minimum NDWI values ranging from -0.434 (2003) to -0.444 (2023). This study provides essential insights for policymakers, engineers, and disaster managers, enhancing flood risk assessment and supporting climate-resilient planning, infrastructure development, and sustainable water resource management.</p>

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Flood Susceptibility Mapping and 3D Flood Simulation in the Jia Bharali River Basin, Sonitpur District, India, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月26日

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  • Weko U. Dieno,
  • Shehnaj Ahmed Pathan

摘要

Flood Susceptibility Mapping (FSM) is crucial for identifying flood-prone areas by integrating topographical, environmental, and hydrological factors. This study applies a GIS-based Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to delineate flood susceptibility zones in the Jia Bharali River Basin, Sonitpur District, Assam. Ten key parameters were analyzed: elevation, slope, river proximity, precipitation, drainage density, soil type, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), NDVI, and road proximity. A 3D flood simulation model was developed to enhance visualization and support decision-making. Additionally, the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was calculated for 2003, 2013, and 2023 to track hydrological changes over time. The FSM results for 2003 showed that 'very low' and 'very high' flood susceptibility zones covered 31.09% (213.50 km2) and 7.84% (53.84 km2) of the area, respectively. By 2023, these zones declined to 2.41% (16.54 km2) and 4.39% (30.14 km2), indicating significant landscape and hydrological transformations. The 3D flood simulation revealed high-risk areas with flood levels reaching up to 75 m. NDWI analysis captured temporal shifts in water bodies and river channels, with minimum NDWI values ranging from -0.434 (2003) to -0.444 (2023). This study provides essential insights for policymakers, engineers, and disaster managers, enhancing flood risk assessment and supporting climate-resilient planning, infrastructure development, and sustainable water resource management.