Deep Learning in Remote Sensing for Climate-Induced Disaster Resilience: A Comprehensive Interdisciplinary Approach

Climate-induced disasters pose significant threats to human lives, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Deep learning techniques, combined with remote sensing, offer powerful tools for predicting, detecting, and mitigating the impacts of such disasters. This study presents a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach using a hybrid cascaded CNN-RNN model to perform spatio-temporal analysis, enhanced image segmentation with U-Net and SegNet architectures, and a hybrid CNN-LSTM-XGBoost ensemble for multi-hazard prediction. The proposed CNN-RNN model achieves an accuracy of 96.78%, significantly outperforming traditional models in predicting flood-prone areas, wildfires, and droughts. Key metrics such as Intersection over Union (IoU), precision, recall, and F1-scores are used to evaluate model performance, highlighting the model’s ability to accurately identify disaster-prone areas and improve disaster resilience. This research not only demonstrates the efficacy of deep learning for climate-induced disaster prediction but also paves the way for future integration of socio-economic data to refine disaster risk assessment.