Osteoporose-Update

Osteoporosis is a widespread disease characterized by reduced bone density and increased bone fragility. It is diagnosed by determining bone density using DXA (T-score of ≤ −2.5). In addition to genetic and hormonal factors, lifestyle and diet also play a role. Prevalence and fracture risk increase with age, which has significant socioeconomic consequences, particularly due to hip fractures leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Diagnostic measures require a comprehensive medical history, DXA measurements and, if necessary, laboratory tests. Basic diagnostics should be carried out, particularly in high-risk groups. Basic treatment includes adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation and regular physical activity. If there is an increased risk of fracture, which is calculated using the DVO model, drug therapies such as bisphosphonates, denosumab or osteoanabolic substances are used. Regular monitoring of bone density and adjustment of therapy depending on the fracture risk are essential.