<p>Entrepreneurial education extends beyond formal classroom instruction, incorporating non-formal learning experiences such as short entrepreneurial courses and networking clubs. This review paper examines the role of these non-formal entrepreneurial education approaches in shaping entrepreneurial intentions. Drawing on theories such as the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), institutional theory, and social practice theory. This study synthesizes existing literature to explore how short courses and networking clubs influence key determinants of entrepreneurial intentions—attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control. The findings suggest that short courses enhance entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, while networking clubs foster social connections and access to resources, collectively strengthening entrepreneurial intentions. Implications for educators, policymakers, and researchers are discussed.</p>

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Beyond the classroom: a review of non-formal entrepreneurial education in shaping entrepreneurial intentions through short entrepreneurial courses and entrepreneurial networking clubs

  • Sea Ming Toh ,
  • Mahadi Batiah,
  • Wan Jie Sim

摘要

Entrepreneurial education extends beyond formal classroom instruction, incorporating non-formal learning experiences such as short entrepreneurial courses and networking clubs. This review paper examines the role of these non-formal entrepreneurial education approaches in shaping entrepreneurial intentions. Drawing on theories such as the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), institutional theory, and social practice theory. This study synthesizes existing literature to explore how short courses and networking clubs influence key determinants of entrepreneurial intentions—attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control. The findings suggest that short courses enhance entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, while networking clubs foster social connections and access to resources, collectively strengthening entrepreneurial intentions. Implications for educators, policymakers, and researchers are discussed.