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<p>This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the entropy generation and bioconvective transport in Eyring–Powell penta-hybrid nanofluids (PHNFs) containing gyrotactic microorganisms within a horizontally squeezing channel. By considering the combined effects of magnetic field strength, thermal radiation, chemical reactions, and internal heat generation or absorption, this work provides a deeper understanding of the complex interactions governing non-Newtonian, magnetohydrodynamic, and thermodynamic behaviors in such systems. The governing nonlinear equations were solved using the semi-analytical Akbari–Ganji Method (AGM). The findings reveal that increasing the magnetic field strength (M) enhances temperature, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and entropy generation, while reducing the Bejan number. The Eyring–Powell parameter (Γ) reduces temperature and Nusselt number but increases skin friction, while the squeezing parameter (S) significantly increases temperature, concentration, and microorganism density. Rising radiation (R) lowers temperature but increases the Nusselt number. Additionally, an increase in the Schmidt number (Sc) and chemical reaction parameter (r) decreases microorganism concentration and density, but enhances solutal transport and microorganism flux. Higher nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ) and shape factor reduce temperature and Nusselt number, while the Eckert number (Ec) elevates entropy generation and reduces the Bejan number. These results offer novel insights into the coupled effects of magnetic, viscous, and radiative forces in PHNF systems, advancing the development of bioinspired thermal management systems, microchannel-based cooling, biomedical heat exchangers, and targeted drug delivery applications.</p>

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Entropy generation analysis and magneto-thermal investigation of eyring–powell PHNF with bioconvective gyrotactic microorganisms with analytical modeling: applications in microchannel heat exchangers and biomedical cooling systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Mehdi Mahboobtosi,
  • Fateme Nadalinia Chari,
  • Davood Domiri Ganji

摘要

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the entropy generation and bioconvective transport in Eyring–Powell penta-hybrid nanofluids (PHNFs) containing gyrotactic microorganisms within a horizontally squeezing channel. By considering the combined effects of magnetic field strength, thermal radiation, chemical reactions, and internal heat generation or absorption, this work provides a deeper understanding of the complex interactions governing non-Newtonian, magnetohydrodynamic, and thermodynamic behaviors in such systems. The governing nonlinear equations were solved using the semi-analytical Akbari–Ganji Method (AGM). The findings reveal that increasing the magnetic field strength (M) enhances temperature, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and entropy generation, while reducing the Bejan number. The Eyring–Powell parameter (Γ) reduces temperature and Nusselt number but increases skin friction, while the squeezing parameter (S) significantly increases temperature, concentration, and microorganism density. Rising radiation (R) lowers temperature but increases the Nusselt number. Additionally, an increase in the Schmidt number (Sc) and chemical reaction parameter (r) decreases microorganism concentration and density, but enhances solutal transport and microorganism flux. Higher nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ) and shape factor reduce temperature and Nusselt number, while the Eckert number (Ec) elevates entropy generation and reduces the Bejan number. These results offer novel insights into the coupled effects of magnetic, viscous, and radiative forces in PHNF systems, advancing the development of bioinspired thermal management systems, microchannel-based cooling, biomedical heat exchangers, and targeted drug delivery applications.