An electrical circuit to model corrosion mechanisms of steel rebars
摘要
This paper presents a novel approach to understanding the degradation of steel rebars in reinforced concrete (RC) through an electrical circuit model. While existing literature primarily models corrosion using alternating current impedance, this study focuses on modelling the behavior of corrosion under direct current, which is a less-explored area. The study is based on an experimental program involving accelerated corrosion tests on RC prisms subjected to impressed current in the presence of chloride ions. A constant current density of 50, 100 or 200 µA/cm2 was applied to the steel reinforcement for varying durations. The voltage–time curves recorded during these tests for each prism were analyzed to correlate electrical measurements with the underlying physical and electrochemical processes at the steel–concrete interface. The key innovation is a proposed simplified electrical circuit model that characterizes the accelerated corrosion process as a function of time and total current charge. This model identifies three distinct phases of corrosion: (i) an increase in voltage corresponding to the formation of a resistive corrosion products (RCP) layer; (ii) a decrease in voltage attributed to the formation of conductive corrosion products (CCP) and the cracking of the concrete, and (iii) a loss of resistance at the interface; and a voltage stabilization, signifying a steady state between the electrical properties of the system and the growth kinetics of the CCP layer. This work establishes a solid foundation for a better understanding of corrosion kinetics. This was achieved by means of the electrical response of the RC specimens.