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<p>This study explores the integration of methylammonium germanium iodide (MAGeI<sub>3</sub>) and methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI<sub>3</sub>) as dual absorber layers to optimize the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SCAPS-1D simulations demonstrate that the proposed configuration effectively extends the absorption spectrum, harnessing both high- and low-energy photons to enhance light absorption and optimize charge carrier dynamics. The integration of MAGeI<sub>3</sub> and MASnI<sub>3</sub> not only mitigates toxicity concerns by eliminating lead but also improves the thermal stability of the PSC. Furthermore, the incorporation of ZnO and Spiro-OMeTAD materials as charge transport layers significantly enhances the device efficiency and longevity. With their exceptional electrical conductivity and defect passivation capabilities, ZnO minimize recombination losses and enable efficient charge extraction, contributing to overall performance improvements. This study optimizes energy band alignment, absorber thickness, and transport layers to achieve an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) nearly 34%. Additionally, it examines the impact of temperature, defect density, and series and shunt resistances on PSC performance. The findings underscore the potential of MAGeI<sub>3</sub>/MASnI<sub>3</sub> absorbers in the PSCs devices. This study coincides with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs), particularly Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and Goal 13 (Climate Action), by promoting lead-free, high-efficiency solar cells that contribute to a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.</p>

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Optimizing perovskite solar cell efficiency and stability with dual absorber layers (MAGeI3/MASnI3): a SCAPS-1D simulation study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Sagar Bhattarai,
  • K Deepthi Jayan,
  • Pranjal Barman,
  • Abhinav Kumar,
  • S. E. Shcheklein,
  • Ankit Sharma,
  • Girija Shankar Sahoo

摘要

This study explores the integration of methylammonium germanium iodide (MAGeI3) and methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) as dual absorber layers to optimize the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SCAPS-1D simulations demonstrate that the proposed configuration effectively extends the absorption spectrum, harnessing both high- and low-energy photons to enhance light absorption and optimize charge carrier dynamics. The integration of MAGeI3 and MASnI3 not only mitigates toxicity concerns by eliminating lead but also improves the thermal stability of the PSC. Furthermore, the incorporation of ZnO and Spiro-OMeTAD materials as charge transport layers significantly enhances the device efficiency and longevity. With their exceptional electrical conductivity and defect passivation capabilities, ZnO minimize recombination losses and enable efficient charge extraction, contributing to overall performance improvements. This study optimizes energy band alignment, absorber thickness, and transport layers to achieve an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) nearly 34%. Additionally, it examines the impact of temperature, defect density, and series and shunt resistances on PSC performance. The findings underscore the potential of MAGeI3/MASnI3 absorbers in the PSCs devices. This study coincides with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs), particularly Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and Goal 13 (Climate Action), by promoting lead-free, high-efficiency solar cells that contribute to a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.