Mechanical properties of Nano-Silica and PVA fibers on high-toughness concrete under combined freeze–thaw and sulfate attack: change mechanism of the microstructure
摘要
To improve the mechanical properties of high-toughness concrete under the combined effects of sulfate erosion and freeze–thaw cycles (15℃ to − 40℃), the compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural toughness of the concrete modified with NS and PVA fibers were analyzed. Grey theory analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between concrete strength and the dosages of NS and PVA fibers under various conditions. Additionally, a strength prediction formula was developed using multivariate nonlinear fitting analysis, serving as a guide for predicting concrete strength. The results demonstrate that incorporating 3% NS and 0.15% PVA fibers effectively improves the concrete’s ductility and sulfate resistance while reducing strength degradation under the coupled effects of freeze–thaw cycles (15℃ to − 40℃) and sulfate erosion. The synergistic effect of NS and PVA fibers significantly improves the concrete’s flexural toughness and residual strength while enhancing its ductility and flexural performance. Additionally, microstructural analysis of the concrete subjected to freeze–thaw cycles and sulfate coupling was performed to investigate the microscopic mechanisms of NS and PVA fibers and their contributions to macroscopic property improvements.