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<p>This study investigated the steady-state Casson flow of electrically conducting blood in a stretching artery under the influence of a magnetic field, porosity, and heat transfer. The heat transfer phenomena associated with the blood flow of a ternary nanofluid (<i>Cu–Ag–Fe</i><sub>3</sub><i>O</i><sub>4</sub><i>/blood</i>) through an inclined stretched cylinder are examined. Using cylindrical coordinates, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) for momentum and energy conservation are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via similarity variables. The very effective Homotopy Analysis Method ('HAM') is used to resolve the governing partial differential equations, which offer an analytical way to look at blood flow and heat transport properties. To validate the HAM solution, the artificial neural network (ANN) is employed to achieve a root mean square error (RMSE) below 0.01 and an absolute error within 1%. The regression plot confirmed a strong correlation (R<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.99) between HAM and ANN results to demonstrate the consistency of the proposed model. The dimensionless parameters—magnetic (<i>M</i>), porosity (<i>K</i><sub><i>p</i></sub>), Prandtl (<i>Pr</i>), heat source (<i>Q</i><sub>0</sub>), and Curvature (γ)—are analysed for their effect on velocity and temperature profiles. Key findings revealed that magnetic and porosity parameters reduced velocity but enhanced temperature, while rotation altered flow dynamics to impact shear stress. The inclusion of <i>Cu–Ag–Fe</i><sub>3</sub><i>O</i><sub>4</sub> nanoparticles in blood enhanced thermal conductivity, improved heat dissipation, and optimized flow properties for biomedical applications. This model offered practical insights for real-world biomedical systems such as targeted magnetic hyperthermia, stent design, and MRI-guided drug delivery by analyzing how ternary nanoparticles influence hemodynamics and heat transport in blood vessels.</p>

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Analytical investigation of magnetized Casson ternary nanofluid flow in a stretching artery for biomedical heat transfer applications: validation via artificial neural network

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月28日

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  • Amal F. Alharbi,
  • Muna Alhawaity,
  • Mounirah Areshi,
  • Muhammad Usman

摘要

This study investigated the steady-state Casson flow of electrically conducting blood in a stretching artery under the influence of a magnetic field, porosity, and heat transfer. The heat transfer phenomena associated with the blood flow of a ternary nanofluid (Cu–Ag–Fe3O4/blood) through an inclined stretched cylinder are examined. Using cylindrical coordinates, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) for momentum and energy conservation are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via similarity variables. The very effective Homotopy Analysis Method ('HAM') is used to resolve the governing partial differential equations, which offer an analytical way to look at blood flow and heat transport properties. To validate the HAM solution, the artificial neural network (ANN) is employed to achieve a root mean square error (RMSE) below 0.01 and an absolute error within 1%. The regression plot confirmed a strong correlation (R2 > 0.99) between HAM and ANN results to demonstrate the consistency of the proposed model. The dimensionless parameters—magnetic (M), porosity (Kp), Prandtl (Pr), heat source (Q0), and Curvature (γ)—are analysed for their effect on velocity and temperature profiles. Key findings revealed that magnetic and porosity parameters reduced velocity but enhanced temperature, while rotation altered flow dynamics to impact shear stress. The inclusion of Cu–Ag–Fe3O4 nanoparticles in blood enhanced thermal conductivity, improved heat dissipation, and optimized flow properties for biomedical applications. This model offered practical insights for real-world biomedical systems such as targeted magnetic hyperthermia, stent design, and MRI-guided drug delivery by analyzing how ternary nanoparticles influence hemodynamics and heat transport in blood vessels.