Rheological characteristics of metachronal waves in Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid for heat and mass transfer in a curved configuration
摘要
Cilia are hair-like structures present on cell surfaces. They often exhibit a collective wave-like motion that can enhance fluid transportation function known as metachronal motion. Biologically inspired propulsion systems are gaining significant importance for enhancing heat transfer in biomedical engineering, medicine, human physiology, etc. Motivated by these advancements, the present approach focuses on the rheological behavior of metachronal waves in a hydromagnetic Carreau-Yasuda reactive nanofluid driven by cilia through a curved channel. Hall effects are also taken into consideration. The analysis of heat and mass transfer phenomena considers the impacts of nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, Brownian, and thermophoresis motion that are influenced by the characteristics of slippage wall features. The constitutive equations are simplified through the assumption of the lubrication approach and attained numerical solution using the implicit finite difference method (FDM). A comprehensive investigation for velocity, temperature, concentration, and streamlines is analyzed. This study reveals that velocity increases with slip constraint and decreases with the magnetic field. Chemical reaction enhances the efficiency and accelerates the rate of mass transfer. Streamlines reveal the flow behavior induced by ciliated motion within a curved channel. This study has broad applications in biomedical engineering and biological functions such as microfluidic devices.