Phase transitions and instabilities in microorganism-infused Cross liquid: a numerical study

The periodic rotation of microbes in a laminar flow pattern results from the torques exerted on the microorganisms. Aquatic and marine microbes are frequently exposed to turbulences which can directly affect the fundamental procedures including nutrient uptake, chemotaxis, and motility. However, the phase transition induced by individual microorganisms is unavoidable and significant, highlighting the importance of granular flows and the statistical mechanics of non-equilibrium systems. Moreover, the dependence of flow patterns on viscosity and thermal conductivity is another big task to be investigated apparently. This study focuses on developing a microenvironment within a Cross-liquid incorporating microorganisms. The instabilities in physical and chemical properties, such as rheology, speed, temperature, concentration, and pressure are profoundly affected. Additionally, the Cross-liquid is examined with generalized maturity by considering the dependent aspects of thermal conductivity and tensor. These characteristics are introduced through mathematical equations based on geometrical constraints. The generalized thermal conductivity and viscosity in the presence of microorganisms are portrayed numerically. Heat, mass, and microorganisms' unique flows are illustrated through graphical representations. The study finds that higher thermal conductivity and lower viscosity are achieved with various values of the power law factor. The material relaxation factor enhanced the radial direction resistive force and vice versa tangential direction. Furthermore, large values of the Peclet and Schmidt numbers reduce the flow of microorganisms. An excellent agreement is observed through comparative analysis for the validation of the entire method.