<p>Tooth extraction, while essential for oral health, can contribute to systemic complications, particularly increasing cardiovascular risk due to bacterial translocation and inflammation. Periodontal disease, a major cause of tooth loss, exacerbates this risk by serving as a reservoir for pathogenic bacteria that enter the bloodstream during extractions. This review explores the mechanisms linking post-extraction infections to cardiovascular diseases and evaluates the role of nanotechnology in mitigating these risks. Advances in antimicrobial nanoparticles, nanodrug delivery systems, and biosensors offer promising solutions for infection control and targeted drug delivery. These innovations enhance post-extraction healing while potentially reducing systemic inflammation. However, challenges remain in optimizing material biocompatibility, ensuring clinical efficacy, and addressing translational hurdles. This review underscores the need for interdisciplinary research to integrate nanotechnology into dental practice, ultimately improving both oral and systemic health outcomes.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>