Quantum secret sharing (QSS) ensures secure distribution of information among trusted participants, with identity authentication enhancing legitimacy and communication integrity. We propose a novel \((p, q)\) -threshold QSS scheme with integrated mutual identity authentication using mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). The protocol utilizes a symmetric \(n\) -variate polynomial for secret distribution and a \(d\) -level “Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger” (GHZ) state shared by a trusted participant among \(p\) qualified users. Each participant applies a quantum Fourier transform (QFT) and a unitary operation based on their share. The scheme avoids transmission of sensitive data during reconstruction and achieves information-theoretic privacy. Security analysis demonstrates resilience against multiple attack strategies, ensuring robustness and practical feasibility.
