<p>In this article, we study the Pennes bioheat transfer model, which describes the thermal behavior of living tissue via the wavelet collocation technique. First, we created the operational matrices of integration using the Gegenbauer wavelets and then developed an innovative method called the Gegenbauer wavelet collocation scheme (GWCS). GWCS solves the time-fractional Pennes bioheat transfer model. The underlying model is transformed into a system of algebraic equations using the characteristics of the Gegenbauer wavelet expansions and the operational matrix of integration, which speeds up processing. Further, the obtained system of algebraic equations is considered by the Newton–Raphson technique to find the unknown coefficients that yield the approximate solution for this model. We present numerical examples based on this model to check the effectiveness and precision of the proposed technique.</p>