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<p>Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are an essential element and building block of the autonomous vehicle system. VANETs, a subcategory of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), stand out due to certain predetermined attributes. In VANETs, optimal path routing offers solutions to address issues like traffic density, node mobility, link failure, and bandwidth. Finding the optimal VANET road path between source and destination conditions is difficult. Extensive paths increase network overhead, communication costs, and failure probability, reducing routing efficiency. We present the new traffic density-based stigmergic ant colony optimization routing (CSG_IACO) to improve routing performance. Improved ant colonies stimulate the proposed CSG_IACO, which measures inter-vehicular density. Ant behavior serves as the inspiration for the improved ACO technique, a meta-heuristic methodology. Phase 1 of the CSG_IACO involves using the traffic density to form a cluster among the vehicles. Phase 2 of the suggested approach is Stigmergy-based ant colony optimization, which guides ants to indirectly communicate with each other to act upon the change in the environment to find a best path. This improves protocol efficiency in all aspects. The simulations using NS 2.35 and SUMO indicate that the proposed system considerably reduces obstacles to finding the optimal path compared to existing systems. The simulations show that our suggested scheme performs better than AODV-DATRLD, ACO-DATRLD, and CaCOIoV in terms of performance including the count of delivered packets, throughput, end-to-end delay, the average count of cluster formations per cluster head, and the number of dropped packets.</p>

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CSG_IACO: an efficient stigmergic-based improved ACO routing strategy to determine the effective path based on traffic density in V2V networks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月13日

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  • J. Jesy Janet Kumari,
  • S. Thangam

摘要

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are an essential element and building block of the autonomous vehicle system. VANETs, a subcategory of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), stand out due to certain predetermined attributes. In VANETs, optimal path routing offers solutions to address issues like traffic density, node mobility, link failure, and bandwidth. Finding the optimal VANET road path between source and destination conditions is difficult. Extensive paths increase network overhead, communication costs, and failure probability, reducing routing efficiency. We present the new traffic density-based stigmergic ant colony optimization routing (CSG_IACO) to improve routing performance. Improved ant colonies stimulate the proposed CSG_IACO, which measures inter-vehicular density. Ant behavior serves as the inspiration for the improved ACO technique, a meta-heuristic methodology. Phase 1 of the CSG_IACO involves using the traffic density to form a cluster among the vehicles. Phase 2 of the suggested approach is Stigmergy-based ant colony optimization, which guides ants to indirectly communicate with each other to act upon the change in the environment to find a best path. This improves protocol efficiency in all aspects. The simulations using NS 2.35 and SUMO indicate that the proposed system considerably reduces obstacles to finding the optimal path compared to existing systems. The simulations show that our suggested scheme performs better than AODV-DATRLD, ACO-DATRLD, and CaCOIoV in terms of performance including the count of delivered packets, throughput, end-to-end delay, the average count of cluster formations per cluster head, and the number of dropped packets.